# 3 2026

• I. E. Afonin, А. А. Disenov, D. A. Cherepanov, S. I. Makarenko, R. L. Mikhailov
  Aerospace Attack Means by Leading Foreign Countries. Part 4. Medium-range ballistic missile
• Abstract
  • Relevance. The increase in geopolitical tensions observed since the start of 2022 has increased the likelihood of military conflict. The use of aerospace attack means (ASAM), such as ballistic missiles, has become a hallmark of modern warfare. In some instances, a conventional conflict may escalate into a war, with medium-range ballistic missiles (MRBMs) being used for missile strikes. This research aims of the work to create descriptive model of MRBMs of leading foreign nations (LFN). In particular, MRBMs of China, Israel, India, North Korea, Iran, and Pakistan are considered: DF-17 (Dong Feng-17), Jericho 2 (YA-3), Agni II, No Dong 1/2, Taepo Dong 1, Shahab-3/4 (Ghadr-1), Sejil (Ashoura), Khorramshahr/Musudan (BM-25), Hatf 5 (Ghauri), and Hatf 6 (Shaheen 2). The model is based solely on open source information. The results and their novelty. The descriptive model of IRBMs is presented in the paper. The generalized tactical and technical characteristics of typical MRBMs LFN are an element of novelty of the work. Practical significance. The results of this study will contribute to the existing body of knowledge regarding MRBMs, providing valuable insights into the complexities of these systems and their potential impact on global security. The descriptive model of MRBMs will be useful for specialized specialists to substantiate the requirements for the tactical and technical characteristics of promising aerospace defense systems and methods of their combat use to ensure the protection of the Russian Federation.
• Key words
  • means of aerospace attack, descriptive model, Medium-range ballistic missile, tactical and technical characteristics, warhead, combat unit.
• Reference
  • Afonin I. E., Disenov А. А., Cherepanov D. А., Makarenko S. I., Mikhailov R. L. Aerospace Attack Means by Leading Foreign Countries. Part 4. Medium-range ballistic missile. Systems of Control, Communication and Security, 2026,
    no. 3, pp. 51-119. DOI: 10.24412/2410-9916-2026-3-051-119 (in Russian).

• I. E. Afonin
  A method of ensuring the stability of the aerospace defense control system by using its topological redundancy
• Abstract
  • Relevance. The urgency of increasing the stability of the aerospace defense system is due to the increasing military and political tension between the Russian Federation and the countries of the collective West. In case of escalation of tension into an armed conflict, the United States has developed the operational and strategic concept of a "Prompt Global Strike" (PGS), which involves a rapid simultaneous strike of a large number of means of aerospace attack means (ASAM) on the most important administrative and military facilities of our country. At the same time, the first echelon of the PGS will consist of ASAM focused on defeating elements of the aerospace defense system in order to reduce its effectiveness. That is, the task of increasing the stability of the aerospace defense system as a whole, and its control system, in particular, in the conditions of a first-echelon PGS strike is urgent. The purpose of the paper is to develop a method for ensuring the stability of the aerospace defense control system by using its topological redundancy. The novelty of the developed method, which distinguishes it from well-known works, is: taking into account the complex structure of the warring parties (the aerospace defense system – ASAM), which include a control subsystem, a subsystem for reconnaissance and target designation, a strike subsystem and a subsystem for electronic suppression; the possibility of adapting the aerospace defense control system to the evolving operational and tactical situation conducting military operations; more efficient management of the topological resource of a special-purpose data transmission network, namely, the use of highly redundant topological structures for traffic routing, as well as maneuvering traffic transmission routes within the network. The method is applicable to any "absorbing" mathematical algorithm for finding shortest paths and is based on additional operations that are included in existing mathematical algorithms for finding shortest paths and allow expanding the functionality of these algorithms to solve the problem of finding an ordered set of backup information transmission paths. Practical significance. The proposed method, being used to improve the routing protocols of a special-purpose data transmission network, makes it possible not to interrupt traffic transmission during the formation of a new tree of shortest paths in the network and thereby increases the stability of the aerospace defense control system.
• Key words
  • conflict, stability, means of aerospace attack, control system, aerospace defense, fire damage, electronic suppression, routing, data transmission network, routing protocol, topology.
• Reference
  • Afonin I. E. A method of ensuring the stability of the aerospace defense control system by using its topological redundancy. Systems of Control, Communication and Security, 2026, no. 3, pp. 135-159. DOI: 10.24412/2410-9916-2026-3-135-159 (in Russian).

• E. S. Abazina, S. I. Makarenko, M. F. Savelev
  Generalized Classification of Steganography Methods and Techniques
• Abstract
  • Purpose. The increasing number of threats to information transmitted into infocommunication networkssecurity requires the timely development and application of adequate measures to preserve its confidentiality, integrity and authenticity. One of the areas characterized by active development in the last few decades is steganography – computer, digital and network. The main goal of steganography is to keep information secret, it determines the closed nature of achievements and successes in this field of knowledge, which is justified by conducting research by locally isolated teams and communities from different countries. This fact also determines the lack of a unified terminology, a universal classification that systematizes steganographic methods, making it difficult to analyze achievements in this field for novelty and practical significance, and hinders the development of steganography. Since digital steganography was historically the first to appear, the vast majority of open publications are devoted to its classification and ordering. With the development of information and telecommunication systems (ITS), network steganography methods have become widespread, the systematization of which is still at an early stage. The work objectives are to systematize, generalize and universalize the classification of steganographic methods, taking into account new features for their grouping. Methods used: the solution of the systematization problem, which results in a generalized unified classification of steganographic methods, is based on morphological, discriminant and cluster analysis of the object of research – steganography, and the subject of research – methods of steganography in infocommunication networks. Novelty. An element of the novelty of the work is, firstly, the introduction of new generalizing terminology – the concepts of «concealment», «steganography principle», «steganography», «steganography method», «steganography demand», «object used for concealment", «subject used for concealment» and others. Secondly, the formation of a universalized classification of steganographic methods, which is based on the consideration of these new concepts as new features for classification, as well as, in addition to them, subjects of steganography, stages of the data lifecycle, levels of ITS interaction, which determined the introduction of new categories – info communication and signal steganography, as well as. The classification was expanded by classes, directions, groups of methods, methods, goals and principles. Results. The universalized classification of steganographic methods, generalizing and systematizing existing methods, as well as allowing to identify new, not yet developed directions and methods. Practical relevance. The universalized classification of steganographic methods should facilitate the development of steganographic templates – sets of the most typical methods of concealment, each of which is characterized by certain requirements for the object and subject used for concealment, and concealment capabilities (quilting resistance, hidden throughput, and reliability and timeliness of the hidden data). Such templates can be further used to switch hidden data in nodes of stego networks.
• Key words
  • data concealment, hidden data transmission, steganography, classification, steganography method, steganography technique, infocommunication steganography, signal steganography, computer steganography, file steganography, digital steganography, network steganography
• Reference
  • Abazina E. S., Makarenko S. I., Savelev M. F. Generalized Classification of Steganography Methods and Techniques. Systems of Control, Communication and Security, 2026, no. 3, pp. 1-34. DOI: 10.24412/2410-9916-2026-3-001-034 (in Russian).

• M. Yu. Zvezdina, A. M. Shaposhnikova, Yu. A. Shokova, S. V. Lazarenko, A. A. Kostoglotov
  Estimation of Additional Power Loss of Millimeter-Wave Radio Signal in a Precipitation Layer on a Radome
• Abstract
  • Purpose. The utilization of the Ka, Q/V, and E frequency bands in satellite communication links results in a substantial increase in excess attenuation within the meteorological precipitation layer on the radio-transparent radomes (RTRs) of ground station antennas. Given the limited power budget of the radio link, this renders the search for solutions to mitigate such attenuation highly relevant. Existing methodologies for estimating this attenuation are primarily tailored for lower frequencies, characterized by attenuation magnitudes significantly smaller than those in the millimeter-wave band (MMWB). More critically, they fail to account for the physical mechanisms governing precipitation layer formation on radome surfaces with hydrophobic coatings, thereby yielding inaccurate estimates. Objective. This study aims to identify solutions for reducing excess attenuation of MMWB radio signals within the meteorological precipitation layer on radome surfaces featuring hydrophobic coatings. Proposed approach. To this end, we propose the development of a novel estimation technique for excess MMWB signal attenuation in the precipitation layer on radomes, explicitly incorporating the formation dynamics of the layer. Methods. The extended method of meteorological electromagnetics is utilized to decouple the processes of determining the electrodynamic parameters of the precipitation layer and its spatial distribution over the radome surface from the direct assessment of excess attenuation. Novelty. The key novelty of the proposed technique lies in its approach to determining the electrodynamic parameters---namely, the effective complex permittivity and effective thickness---of the precipitation layer on a hydrophobic-coated radome. This approach is grounded in the explicit consideration of the interrelationship between the local meteorological conditions at the radome installation site, the hydrophobic properties of the radome coating, and the resulting electrodynamic layer parameters. Unlike existing methods, this technique enables estimation not only for static precipitation morphologies (e.g., water films, snow crusts) but also for dynamic forms (e.g., droplets, rivulets, snowflakes). Results. The application of the developed estimation technique for MMWB excess attenuation in the precipitation layer on radomes, with due regard for layer formation processes, facilitates a systematic search for attenuation mitigation strategies. Experimental investigations conducted on a hemispherical radome with a diameter of 5 meters over the 30--40 GHz frequency range demonstrate that tailoring the properties of the radome's top coating layer to the prevailing climatic conditions enables a reduction in excess rain attenuation from 11 dB down to 0.035--0.08 dB, and in the case of ice accretion with water overlay, from 3 dB down to 0.45 dB. Practical relevance. The developed technique provides a scientifically substantiated framework for estimating excess MMWB signal attenuation on radome surfaces caused by meteorological precipitation layers.
• Key words
  • millimeter-wave space communication channels, precipitation on the radome surface, power transmission coefficient, reflection coefficient.
• Reference
  • Zvezdina M. Yu., Shaposhnikova A. M., Shokova Yu. A., Lazarenko S. V., Kostoglotov A. A. Estimation of Additional Power Loss of Millimeter-Wave Radio Signal in a Precipitation Layer on a Radome. Systems of Control, Communication and Security, 2026, no. 3, pp. 239-280. DOI: 10.24412/2410-9916-2026-3-239-280 (in Russian).

• P. A. Budko, M. Y. Konyshev, Y. A. Konysheva, M. D. Artamonov
  Comparative analysis of recurrent algorithms for estimating the parameters of Markov models of memory communication channels
• Abstract
  • Purpose. The need to improve the reliability of information exchange in telecommunication systems operated in an environment with non-gaussian noise. Real data transmission channels are subject to pulse noise. They often contain error grouping, which is not considered by standard decoding algorithms designed for channels with additive white gaussian noise, which reduces their accuracy. The aim of the work is to develop and compare the analysis of two recurrent algorithms for estimating the parameters of binary Markov processes of arbitrary order. Methods. To solve the problem of developing algorithms for estimating the parameters of Markov models is based on using the previously obtained system of equations linking multidimensional probability distributions to derive recurrent formulas for estimating the probability distribution of the elements of the "four", four interrelated elements of the probability distribution. The comparison of the proposed algorithms was carried out by the method of simulation modeling using metrics: average absolute error, standard deviation, calculation time, number of arithmetic operations. Novelty. The novelty elements of the presented solution are the derivation of recurrent formulas for calculating probabilistic characteristics based on boundary relations of multidimensional distributions, as well as the development of an optimized algorithm that eliminates repeated calculations due to the recurrent calculation of elements through one basic parameter of the previous level. Results. The result is the development of a recurrent algorithm for estimating the probabilistic characteristics of binary sequences, and the justification for its high accuracy and speed. Practical relevance. The practical implementation of the proposed method is possible as part of the algorithmic support of adaptive receivers and decoding devices of telecommunication systems. Its integration will ensure a given level of noise immunity in real memory channels without changing correction codes and without increasing signal processing time.
• Key words
  • non-Gaussian noise, memory channel, Markov chain, probability estimation, error packets, transmission reliability, recurrent algorithm, comparative analysis.
• Reference
  • Budko P. A., Konyshev M. Y., Konysheva Y. A., Artamonov M. D. Comparative analysis of recurrent algorithms for estimating the parameters of Markov models of memory communication channels. Systems of Control, Communication and Security, 2026, no. 3, pp. 120-134. DOI: 10.24412/2410-9916-2026-3-120-134 (in Russian).

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• A. A. Medvedev
  Model for Assessing Control Continuity in a Group of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Automatic and Manual Control Modes
• Abstract
  • Purpose. The effectiveness of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) employment is determined not only by their flight performance characteristics but also by the stability of the radio control channels used to transmit control commands, telemetry, service information, and video data. When several UAVs are employed simultaneously, the load on the radio channel and the demand for the available frequency resources increase. A particularly significant increase in throughput requirements occurs when one or more UAVs are switched to manual control because video streams and manual control commands must be transmitted. With limited frequency resources, this may degrade video quality, increase command transmission delay, and create a risk of losing stable control of individual UAVs. The purpose of this study is to develop a model for assessing control continuity in a UAV group based on local radio-channel quality coefficients that reflect compliance with throughput, message delivery delay, and bit error probability requirements at different mission stages. Methods. The control process is represented as a sequence of stages. For each stage, normalized partial coefficients are calculated to characterize compliance with the requirements for throughput, message delivery delay, and bit error probability. The maximum throughput is determined using a modified Shannon formula that accounts for the allocated bandwidth, the signal-to-noise-plus-interference ratio, and the radio-channel utilization factor. A composite assessment is obtained by multiplicative aggregation of the partial coefficients. Novelty. A stage-based model for assessing control continuity in a UAV group has been developed. The model jointly accounts for the control mode actually used, limited frequency resources, the allocated bandwidth, achievable and required throughput, message delivery delay, and bit error probability. It provides a normalized, non-binary assessment of control continuity for both an individual UAV and the group as a whole. Results. A computational model has been developed that provides a normalized, non-binary assessment of control continuity in a UAV group over a sequence of mission stages. The resulting integral indicator ranges from 0 to 1 and characterizes the degree of compliance with the requirements imposed on the group's radio control channels. An indicator value close to 1 corresponds to a high degree of compliance with the throughput, message delivery delay, and bit error probability requirements, whereas a value close to 0 indicates a substantial decrease in this degree of compliance. Practical relevance. The model can be used to compare communication arrangements, justify the allocation of frequency resources, select control modes, and identify the conditions under which switching a UAV to manual control reduces radio-channel quality.
• Key words
  • unmanned aerial vehicle, UAV group, control continuity, radio control channel, frequency resources, throughput, delay, bit error probability, integral indicator, tactical command level.
• Reference
  • Medvedev A. A. Model for Assessing Control Continuity in a Group of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Automatic and Manual Control Modes. Systems of Control, Communication and Security, 2026, no. 3, pp. 198-238. DOI: 10.24412/2410-9916-2026-3-198-238 (in Russian).

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• D. A. Shcherbakov, M. S. Ivanov
  The analysis of interspecific functional compatibility of means of a radio service of Armed forces of the Russian Federation
• Abstract
  • Purpose. in the conditions of the extension of the nomenclature of means of the radio service applied by various types of Armed forces of the Russian Federation, there is a necessity of an estimation of their interoperability on the basis of comparison of open taktiko-technical characteristics and the analysis of possible methods of the organization of an information exchange between heterogeneous communication networks. Absence of unitized representation of convergence on ranges of frequencies, operation modes, support of pseudorandom reorganization of a radio frequency and equipment generations complicates determination of possibilities of joint application of heterogeneous means of a radio service. The operation purpose is the estimation of level of interspecific functional compatibility of the modern means of a radio service of Armed forces of the Russian Federation, and also determination of the technical factors influencing possibility of the organization of interaction between heterogeneous specific communication systems and detection of the main barriers, influencing possibility of the organization of interaction between heterogeneous specific communication systems. Methods. collection and ordering of the data about taktiko-technical characteristics of means of a radio service from open sources, their comparative analysis, classification by key signs of the functional compatibility, creation of matrixes of interspecific functional compatibility, and an estimation of possibilities of interaction between various means of a radio service, and also the analysis of application of a space segment for support of an information exchange between territorially spaced apart communication networks. Novelty: For the first time complex quality standard of interspecific functional compatibility of means of a radio service of Land forces, Aerospace forces and Navy fleet of the Russian Federation, and also complexes of pilotless aviation systems on the basis of comparison of their open taktiko-technical characteristics is fulfilled. Results: ordering and the unitized description of taktiko-technical characteristics of 38 means of a radio service of various types of Armed forces of the Russian Federation and three coherent complexes of pilotless aviation systems is fulfilled. Matrixes of interspecific functional compatibility are constructed and the pairwise analysis of 347 combinations is made. It is installed that the main barriers of interspecific interoperability are frequency-band rupture, program-legal incompatibility and generational rupture. Directions in which achievement of the functional compatibility is possible at the expense of program adaptation of SDR-platforms (SDR - Software Defined Radio) are defined; It is analyzed that application of a space segment of a radio service does not eliminate the revealed restrictions of immediate radio compatibility, however provides possibility of the organization of the additional channel of a data interchange between operations control rooms and specific communication networks. Practical relevance. the presented systematized analysis allows to justify directions of increase of interspecific interoperability of means of a radio service and should be used at: formation of taktiko-technical requirements to perspective complexes of communications mediums; planning of upgrade of existing park of means of a radio service; to development of organizational-technical decisions on conjugation of heterogeneous communications mediums in a uniform guidance loop, and for management system communication: planning of interspecific operations of Armed forces; determination of need for communications mediums and relaying; determination of necessity of application of nodes of conjugation and relaying between incompatible means of a radio service; Substantiation of purchases and upgrade of technics of communication.
• Key words
  • interoperability, matrix of the functional compatibility, taktiko-technical characteristics, radio service means, pseudorandom reorganization of the operational frequency, program-defined radio.
• Reference
  • Shcherbakov D. A., Ivanov M. S. The analysis of interspecific functional compatibility of means of a radio service of Armed forces of the Russian Federation. Systems of Control, Communication and Security, 2026, no. 3, pp. 281-324. DOI: 10.24412/2410-9916-2026-3-281-324 (in Russian).

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• S. I. Makarenko, F. Yu. Kasatkin, K. V. Kozlov
  Digital transformation of the Armed Forces: foreign and domestic experience, tasks and projected results, proposed measures
• Abstract
  • Task definition: in 2026, digital transformation (DT) processes were launched in the Army of the Russian. The goals of the paper are to analyse, systematise and summarise the experience of DT in the Army of other countries, primarily the US Army and the NATO countries Armies, as well as DT in other Russian sectors of the national economy and, based on this analysis, to develop the objectives of DT in the Russian's Army, formulate its projected results, and outline specific measures to be implemented in the Army. The methods used: the solution of tasks related to systematization and generalization is based on the methods of systems analysis, deduction and induction, and the theory of interoperability. Novelty: consists in the development of original author's proposals for DT based on the experience of DT in other sectors and government bodies of the Russian, as well as the experience of DT in the Army of other countries, primarily the USA and NATO countries. The proposed solutions are based on achievements in the field of interoperability. Result: the article contains proposals on the goals, objectives and indicators for assessing the effectiveness of DT, as well as a set of organizational and technical measures for DT. Practical significance: the proposals about DT are presented in the paper are aimed at the commanders of the types and branches of the Army and other law enforcement agencies of Russian.
• Key words
  • digital transformation, interoperability, Armed Forces, Ministry of Defense.
• Reference
  • Makarenko S. I., Kasatkin F. Yu., Kozlov K. V. Digital transformation of the Armed Forces: foreign and domestic experience, tasks and projected results, proposed measures. Systems of Control, Communication and Security, 2026, no. 3, pp. 325-370. DOI: 10.24412/2410-9916-2026-3-325-370 (in Russian).

• A. A. Boyko, H. I. Maihoub
  An Analytical Model for Critical Asset Protection against Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
• Abstract
  • Problem Statement. The article continues a series of papers devoted to modeling modern combat. Previously, the authors proposed an analytical model of a combat episode that represents, in the form of a system of algebraic and logical relationships, the processes of mutual influence of fire engagement, reconnaissance, situation simulation, electronic warfare, communications, and control within the combat cycles of the opposing sides. One area of its application is the protection of critical assets against unmanned aerial vehicles. Existing analytical models of this process do not capture the mutual influence of electronic warfare and fire engagement, whereas the use of simulation models in critical asset protection systems that implement an adaptive "perception–prediction–optimization–recommendation" cycle may lead to excessive computational resource consumption when solving target allocation optimization problems in the dynamics of conflict. For this application area, it is advisable to modify the combat episode model by adapting the input data set and taking into account the required protection criterion for the critical asset. Aim of the paper: to improve the adequacy of modeling the protection of a critical asset against unmanned aerial vehicles through the application of a modified analytical model of a combat episode. Used Methods: probability theory, algebraic and logical expressions, combinatorics, choice theory. The novelty lies in the reproduction, within a single analytical model, of the mutual influence of the probabilistic and temporal characteristics of fire engagement, reconnaissance, situation simulation, electronic warfare, communications, and control in the combat cycles of the critical asset protection system and the attacking unmanned aerial vehicles. Result: the model enabled a quantitative assessment of the effect of the combined use of air defense and electronic warfare in protecting critical assets against unmanned aerial vehicles. Based on the model, methods have been developed for assessing the protection of a critical asset against unmanned aerial vehicles and for parametric synthesis of the corresponding protection system. Practical relevance: applicability in the design and operation of protection systems for critical facilities against unmanned aerial systems.
• Key words
  • analytical combat model, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), critical asset, combat cycle, fire engagement, electronic warfare.
• Reference
  • Boyko A. A., Maihoub H. I. An Analytical Model for Critical Asset Protection against Unmanned Aerial Vehicles. Systems of Control, Communication and Security, 2026, no. 3, pp. 35-50. DOI: 10.24412/2410-9916-2026-3-035-050 (in Russian).

• F. Yu. Kasatkin
  Method for forming an integral quality criterion using non-compensatory threshold aggregation for cardinal assessment of information processing quality in call centers
• Abstract
  • Problem statement: in order to increase the efficiency of the call centers which provide information support to citizens on military service under contract and mobilization, ("117" Service) requires a scientific and methodological quality analysis apparatus. ensuring the efficiency of information processing in the "117" Service, as well as in civilian emergency operational services that protect the life and health of citizens (112 Service, Ministry of Emergency Situations, police, Ambulance, emergency services of gas supplier). At the same time, a characteristic feature of information processing in call centers is that in a significant majority of practical cases, the preferences of information processing customers regarding the vectors of private quality assessments are non-compensatory: a vector quality assessment in which at least one private quality assessment has a minimum value will be less preferable than a vector quality assessment with the average values of all private quality assessments, even if the other private assessments in the first vector have a maximum value. Methods for constructing non-compensatory integral quality assessments have been developed theoretically and can be applied to the object of research for ordinal (i.e., relative) comparison of different vector quality assessments. However, there is currently no scientific and methodological framework for cardinal (i.e., absolute) evaluation of vector quality assessments, including for determining the fair (i.e., necessary and sufficient) price for information processing services in call centers. The purpose of the work is to develop a scientifically substantiated methodology for forming a non-compensatory cardinal integral assessment of the quality of information processing in call centers. Novelty: for the first time, the method of non-compensatory threshold aggregation is used to construct a cardinal assessment of the quality of information processing in call centers. For the first time in the considered subject area, the method of reference functions is used to linearize the integral quality indicator as a cardinal quality assessment. For the first time, the composition of the efficiency assessment is justified, which aggregates the quality and resource intensity of information processing in call centers, taking into account the customer's non-compensatory preferences for the values of the individual quality assessments. It is shown that for this purpose, the efficiency evaluation arguments should be the rank of the vector quality assessment and the specific savings on the price of a unit of information processing service call centers with this rank. Result: A method has been developed for forming an integral quality indicator by the non-compensatory threshold aggregation method for cardinal assessment of the quality of information processing in call centers. The transition from ordinal to cardinal assessment of the quality of information processing services in call centers according to the developed methodology allows the use of integral quality indicator values to calculate the price of a unit of service as a function of the integral quality indicator value. An algorithm has been developed for forming an assessment of the efficiency of information processing in call centers. This assessment serves as the main criterion for comparing the results of forming an integral quality indicator using the target (formed by the non-compensatory threshold aggregation method) and reference (formed by the standard method of weighted sum of criteria) methodologies. Practical significance: The developed methodology allows not only to take into account the non-compensatory preferences of the customer regarding the assessment of the quality of information processing in the call centers, but also provides greater efficiency of information processing in the call centers compared to the reference methodology. The developed methodology is invariant to different scales of measurement of private quality assessments and methods of their scalarization, and is also applicable in other areas where the cost of a service depends on its quality, and the preferences of the service customer are non-compensatory (education, healthcare, administrative management, etc.).
• Key words
  • call center, service quality, integrated quality indicator, efficiency assessment, service efficiency, non-compensatory preferences.
• Reference
  • Kasatkin F. Yu. Method for forming an integral quality criterion using non-compensatory threshold aggregation for cardinal assessment of information processing quality in call centers. Systems of Control, Communication and Security, 2026, no. 3, pp. 160-197. DOI: 10.24412/2410-9916-2026-3-160-197 (in Russian).