№3 2018

• A. P. Shabanov
  Innovative Digital Platforms in the Knowledge Economy
• Abstract
  • Area of research are digital platform. The research is devoted to the problem of accelerating the development of the economy through the use of digital platforms in the performance of the organizational systems – departments, industries, regions, industrial and agricultural enterprises, financial, scientific and educational institutions, their associations and subdivisions. The task is of shortening projects on modernization and development of digital platforms based on methods, models and technical solutions for innovative management applying cognitive technologies, which contains knowledge about the entities that have an impact on the results of the activities of the organizational systems with the formulation of the goals on productivity growth. The relevance of this task stems from groundbreaking desire national technological community to the maximum attainable level of automation of business processes and management of the digital economy, now acquiring traits knowledge economy. Presented a new method for innovative management - the Method of Determining the Objects of Innovation in digital platform and its implementation solutions: the Method to Determine the Objects of Innovation and the Determinant of Objects Innovation in information systems Wednesday of digital platform. The practical significance of the presented Method and Technical Solutions is their focus on increasing the level of automation of those activities which the expert community recognizes the most effective for the development of the economy. The article may be useful to the authorities of the Federal and regional levels, executives and top managers of organizational systems, investors and business analysts, researchers, scientists and educators.
• Key words
  • digital platform, digital economy, knowledge economy, organizational system, cognitive technologies, innovative solutions, information systems
• Reference
  • Shabanov A. P. Innovative Digital Platforms in the Knowledge Economy. Systems of Control, Communication and Security, 2018, no. 3, pp. 106-135. Available at: http://sccs.intelgr.com/archive/2018-03/06-Shabanov.pdf (accessed ) (in Russian).

• O. P. Kurkova, V. V. Efimov
  On-line Monitoring System Power Efficiency of a Propulsion Motor when Operating Ships in Ice Conditions
• Abstract
  • Problem statement and specific task. The Problem of increasing the efficiency of the use of the power of a propulsion electric motor (PЕM) in the operation of ships in ice conditions is one of the aspects of solving the complex problem of ensuring the safety and resource saving requirements for the operation of marine transport in the Arctic. Given that the ice impact on the ship is stochastic and difficult to predict, the problem of increasing the efficiency of the use of power of PЕM can be solved by providing the skipper with operational data on the actual values of the loss of the useful power of PЕM under various modes of motion of the vessel in real ice conditions. This information can be obtained by the skipper provided that the propulsion system (PS) of the vessel is equipped with an on-line monitoring system, the initial measured physical values of which are torque, axial force on the propeller shaft and its speed. The equipment of the system should have the minimum possible weight and size characteristics, not to create additional loads on the structural elements of the PЕM and power supply system. The creation of such a system was made possible by the development of in the last decade of radio-electronic chip-components based on integrated circuits on crystals, as well as new research results in the field of magnetoelectronic. The purpose of the work is to develop a set of new technical solutions and create on their basis an experimental system for on-line monitoring of the efficiency of the use of PЕM power in the operation of ships in ice conditions, testing of the prototype system in real conditions of operation of the ship in ice and development of recommendations for its use. The methods and technologies used: The solution of the problem of creating a complex system of on-line monitoring is based on the complex use of: methods of strain measurement of surface microdeformations and measurements of parameters of displacement on the basis of the Hall effect, followed by the calculation of the torque, axial force, power on a rotating propeller shaft; technology of wireless power transmission on the principle of magnetic-resonance induction and high-speed wireless data transmission via a digital two-way radiochannel. Novelty: The elements of novelty are the results of calculations' of the parameters and configuration of the interconnected circuits of magnetic induction and resonance; design and technological solutions of magnetically transparent and opaque "shield"; circuit solutions based on the modular principle, using integrated electronic chip-components; complex of algorithms for measurement system control interface and processing of measurement data. Result: The Prototype of the on-line monitoring system successfully passed the full-scale testing on the research-expedition ship "Academician Treshnikov" during the voyage in ice conditions, confirming its efficiency. Practical significance: The monitoring system is intended for the equipment of propulsion complexes of new ships of ice classes and ships that are already in operation.
• Key words
  • electric propulsion of vessels, propulsion electric motor, effective power, shafting, torque, stop, thrust, ice resistance, torsional vibrations, speed, on-line monitoring, tensometry, technology of wireless power transmission, magnetic resonance induction, inductance circuit, Hall effect, rotor, stator, radio channel, transceiver, microcontroller, chip on the crystal, resonator, interface
• Reference
  • Kurkova O. P., Efimov V. V. On-line Monitoring System Power Efficiency of a Propulsion Motor when Operating Ships in Ice Conditions. Systems of Control, Communication and Security, 2018, no. 3, pp. 31-53. Available at: http://sccs.intelgr.com/archive/2018-03/03-Kurkova.pdf (accessed ) (in Russian).

• A. N. Glushkov, N. V. Drobyshevskij, P. E. Kuleshov, A. V. Marchenko
  Dynamic Model of Protection Process of an Optical-Electronic Means from a Laser Complex of Functional Damage
• Abstract
  • Statement of the problem: Ensuring a win in the conflict determines the need for preemptive detection of the opposing side actions and their neutralization by means of special methods. A promising approach to their development is the use of systematic research methods that allow us to consider the dynamics of the conflict and its main characteristics in conjunction with the actions of the sides at all stages of their functioning. Purpose of the work is to develop a dynamic model of the conflict «optical-electronic means - laser complex of functional damage”, that is reflects the main stages of the functioning of the sides, taking into account their conflictive conditionality and allows determining the requirements for the parameters. The novelty of the work consists of the systematic consideration of the conflict model «optical-electronic means - laser complex of functional damage» at various stages of the functioning of the sides. That allowed determining analytical expressions for estimate of successful protection probability of the optical-electronic means at given times, depending on the values of the technical parameters of the sides. Result: Based on the conflict representation, the «optical-electronic means - laser complex of functional damage» in the form of a semi-Markov random process with a discrete set of states, a system of integral equations is composed and analyzed, that is allows determining the probability of winning (losing) each of the conflicting sides at different stages of their functioning at specified times taking into account of the total time resource of the systems. Practical relevance: Presented solution is implemented in a software program that allows calculating the probabilistic characteristics of reconnaissance assets depending on the parameters of the conflicting systems, consequently, to justify the parameters of the protective devices of optical-electronic systems.
• Key words
  • conflict, optical-electronic means, laser complex of functional damage, reconnaissance asset, protection methods, probability of winning
• Reference
  • Glushkov A. N., Drobyshevskij N. V., Kuleshov P. E., Marchenko A. V. Dynamic Model of Protection Process of an Optical-Electronic Means from a Laser Complex of Functional Damage Systems of Control, Communication and Security, 2018, no. 3, pp. 136-149. Available at: http://sccs.intelgr.com/archive/2018-03/07-Glushkov.pdf (accessed ) (in Russian).

• Y. A. Kropotov, A. A. Belov, A. Y. Proskuryakov, N. E. Holkina
  Evaluation of Signal Models and Acoustic Noise in Telecommunications of Audio Exchange
• Abstract
  • Statement of the problem. The problem of signal processing in telecommunication systems of voice transmission is caused by the lack of reliable a priori information about the characteristics of the observed signals. Therefore, the paper considers methods for estimating signal models in telecommunications systems for audio exchange. Object of research are methods for estimating the statistical characteristics of analog signals, such as the one-dimensional probability density of signals and interference in telecommunications, methods for determining the parameters of the observed signals, which are the additive sum of the estimated signal and acoustic interference. The purpose of the work is the modeling of signals and acoustic noise, the development of a signal processing structure based on estimates of the parameters of the process model and the acoustic noise model. Development of noise-canceling device structure in telecommunication systems of audio exchange in conditions of acoustic noise. Used methods: Methods used: the work deals with models and methods of signal estimation in the transmission of information messages in telecommunication systems of audio exchange. Methods for creating a one-dimensional probability distribution function for speech probabilities and acoustic noise are considered. The considered problem of creating a model of the distribution function is formulated as an approximation problem, based on optimization methods with constraints that can be used to extract useful signals against acoustic noise interference. Suppression of acoustic noise is based on adaptive filtering and adaptive compensation methods. The scientific novelty of the work consists in estimating and approximating one-dimensional distribution functions and correlation functions from limited data sets and, on this basis, forming the basis of a priori information and allocating the intervals of stationarity of the observed signals. Based on the segmentation of non-stationary signals, their smoothing and local approximation are carried out. Results. The approach to estimation of parameters of the observed process based on parametric representation of acoustic signals and components of noise components is offered. Practical value. The model describes the echo signals and the structure of subscriber devices in operational command telecommunication systems.
• Key words
  • methods of signal estimation, voice messages, telecommunication systems, one-dimensional distribu-tion functions, random processes, echo signals
• Reference
  • Kropotov Y. A., Belov A. A., Proskuryakov A. Y., Holkina N. E. Evaluation of Signal Models and Acoustic Noise in Telecommunications of Audio Exchange. Systems of Control, Communication and Security, 2018, no. 3, pp. 1-13. Available at: http://sccs.intelgr.com/archive/2018-03/01-Kropotov.pdf (accessed ) (in Russian).

• T. V. Kalinin, V. V. Lisitskiy, N. S. Demidova, A. I. Servetsky
  Detection Model of a Ballistic Space Object with a Multi-Spectral Optical-Electronic Complex
• Abstract
  • Problem statement. Optoelectronic complexes for detecting space objects occupy an important place among information-measuring systems. The complexes operate in several spectral ranges simultaneously. The analysis of multispectral detection complexes showed that the issue of dependence of the characteristics of the complexes on quantum kind of radiation has not examined. The aim of the paper is to form indicators of detection quality of space objects in different ranges, taking into account type of space objects coating. This aim is achieved by mathematical modeling in Mathcad, taking into account the quantum kind of optical radiation. Used method. The solution of the problem of detection and recognition of signals from objects on the background of natural and organized interference is based on dependence of probability of correct detection on distance at a fixed value of probability of false alarm and dependence of maximum range of optoelectronic complex on probability of correct detection. The fixed value of the false alarm probability, the quantum kind of the radiation and the different optical radiation ranges are additionally taken into account when solving the problem. Novelty. Elements of novelty of the solution is used of photoemission theory, which allows to connection the statistical properties of the optical energy flow with  process of emergence of photoelectrons. Changes in intensity of optical signal, which is reflected from the object make to change the distribution of photoelectrons, which differs from the Poisson distribution. The signal detection operation is performed as calculation of the probability coefficient at the output of an energy detector. Result. The use of the solution showed that the probability of detecting a space object covered by a composition of materials is higher than the probability of detecting an object covered by a homogeneous material. This is because objects that are coated with a composition of materials have a higher reflectance than objects that are coated with a homogeneous material. The probability of correct detection increases if the range of irradiation that is received is shifted to the infrared range. Practical significance. The presented solution is proposed to be used in multispectral optoelectronic complex of space objects detection.
• Key words
  • mathematical model, space object, optical-electronic complex
• Reference
  • Kalinin T. V., Lisitskiy V. V., Demidova N. S., Servetsky A. I. Detection Model of a Ballistic Space Object with a Multi-Spectral Optical-Electronic Complex. Systems of Control, Communication and Security, 2018, no. 3, pp. 232-248. Available at: http://sccs.intelgr.com/archive/2018-03/11-Kalinin.pdf (accessed ) (in Russian).

• S. I. Makarenko
  Stability Method of Telecommunication Network with Using Topological Redundancy
• Abstract
  • The relevance of problem. Routing protocols that are used in networks work perfectly with static network topology. However, if the topology changes rapidly, routing protocols do not provide fast network recovery. Therefore, the development of new methods to improve routing protocols and improve the stability of the networks is relevant topic research. The aim of the paper is to develop a method of ensuring the stability of networks. The method is based on the use of network topological redundancy. Novelty. More efficient management of network topological resource is implemented in the method. In particular, formation of additional backup paths and maneuvering with routes for transmission of traffic are used in this method. If the network topology changes, the routing protocols switch the traffic routes to the backup paths and transmission the traffic is not interrupted. The practical significance of the paper is that the proposed method can be used to improve the routing protocols of networks (OSPF, EIGRP, PNNI, etc.) and to improve the stability of the networks.
• Key words
  • telecommunication network, telecommunication system, stability, routing, communication network, routing Protocol, topology
• Reference
  • Makarenko S. I. Stability method of telecommunication network with using topological redundancy. Systems of Control, Communication and Security, 2018, no. 3, pp. 14-30. Available at: http://sccs.intelgr.com/archive/2018-03/02-Makarenko.pdf (accessed ) (in Russian).

• S. V. Smirnov, S. I. Makarenko, M. S. Ivanov, S. A. Popov
  Integral Radio Network of Aircrafts Control from AWACS, Based on the Hierarchical Principle of Routing
• Abstract
  • Aviation of Aerospace forces Russia is used in remote theatres of combat operations, which are not equipped with stationary control and communication system. For this reason, the airborne warning and control system (AWACS) is used as an air command post to control the aircrafts. However, factors such as high intensity of flights, a large number of aircraft controlled in parallel from AWACS, have identified the need for a more rational use of resources of the integral radio network of AWACS. As one of the most important task in this case have been the organization of routing as commands and information messages in the integrated radio network. The model of the integrated radio network of aircrafts control from AWACS with a hierarchical principle of routing is considered in the paper. The model allows evaluating the effectiveness of different ways of organizing communication in the integrated radio network for informed choice the most rational way. This rational way of routing is to be introduced in software of communications system of AWACS.
• Key words
  • radio network, aviation, relay, routing, communications system, military aircraft, AWACS
• Reference
  • Smirnov S. V., Makarenko S. I., Ivanov M. S., Popov S. A. Integral radio network of aircrafts control from AWACS, based on the hierarchical principle of routing. Systems of Control, Communication and Security, 2018, no. 3, pp. 54-68. Available at: http://sccs.intelgr.com/archive/2018-03/04-Smirnov.pdf (accessed ) (in Russian).

• V. I. Ivanov
  Algorithm of centralized multipath routing with load balancing for nongeostationary telecommunication satellite system with intersatellite links
• Abstract
  • Purpose. The capacity of nongeostationary telecommunication satellite system (NGTSS) with intersatellite links is precious and scarce (compared to terrestrial telecommunication systems) resource. Subscribers terminals are unevenly distributed on the Earth and data flows from terminals are oscillating drastically during the day. Hence, the uneven distribution of data flows and interstatellite links overloading forms, which leads to the loss of data packets. To prevent packet loss, it is necessary to create the effective routing algorithm with load balancing. The goal of paper is to create the algorithm of centralized multipath routing with load balancing for NGTSS with intersatellite links. Methods. The methods of graph theory and optimisation theory are used to create the algorithm of multipath routing with load balancing. Novelty. The new algorithm of route sets with a minimum number of common links search and the new algorithm of packet loss probability estimation due to link exit buffer overload comprise the novelty of proposed algorithm. Results. The research has shown that proposed algorithm of centralized multipath routing with load balancing provides the low probability of packet loss due to NGTSS intersatellite link exit buffer overload, high throughput of NGTSS, low queuing delay of exit buffers of NGTSS links. Practical relevance. The proposed algorithm of centralized multipath routing with load balancing is acceptable to use for effective control of data transmission in NGTSS under development and, as a consequence, for the increase of throughput of NGTSS and for the lowering the packet loss probability of NGTSS.
• Key words
  • telecommunication satellite systems, routing, nongeostationary telecommunication satellite systems, load balancing, multipath routing, decentralised network.
• Reference
  • Ivanov V. I. Algorithm of centralized multipath routing with load balancing for nongeostationary telecommunication satellite system with intersatellite links. Systems of Control, Communication and Security, 2018, no. 3, pp. 69-105. Available at: http://sccs.intelgr.com/archive/2018-03/05-Ivanov.pdf (accessed ) (in Russian).

• V. I. Levin
  Logical Methods of Research of Complex Systems Reliability. Part I. Mathematical Apparatus and Models of Reliability
• Abstract
  • Relevance. In recent years the increasing attention of scientists and designers of technical systems has been acquiring the issues of improving methods for assessing the reliability and safety of these systems, in connection with tasks of increasing the values of these characteristics. The purpose of the article is to develop an automata-logical model of reliability of complex technical systems and corresponding logical methods for evaluating the reliability of such systems, which, unlike known ones, use not the traditional probabilistic reliability indicators, but deterministic logical indicators. Method. In order to achieve this goal, the article suggests using the observed moments of successive failures and recovery of the elements of the technical system as initial data, and as the reliability characteristics of the system itself the moments of successive failures and recovery of this system. In this case, the problem of estimating the reliability of a system is reduced to constructing its mathematical model in the form of automata logical functions expressing the moments of its successive failures and reconstructions through analogous moments of all its elements. This article is the first part of the work in which an automata-logical model designed to calculate the logical function of reliability of complex technical systems is developed in detail. The novelty of the work is the construction of an adequate logical model of the reliability of a complex system, which makes it possible to reduce the estimation of reliability of a complex technical system to the calculation of its logical reliability functions. In the process of calculation, the mathematical apparatus of logical determinants is used for the first time, which allows us to solve the complexity problem. Result. In the article the logical model of reliability and methods of its investigation are developed in detail, allowing to introduce new indicators of reliability of complex technical systems that do not require for their evaluation the use of probabilistic methods and initial statistical data on element failures. On the basis of the developed logical model of reliability and methods of its investigation, the problem of constructing an automata system for reliability of systems is solved, which will allow to fulfill practical calculations of complex technical systems by methods of the theory of dynamic automata using the apparatus of logical determinants.
• Key words
  • complex system, switching process, reliability process, dynamical automaton, binary operator, structure of operator, logical theory of reliability
• Reference
  • Levin V. I. Logical Methods of Research of Complex Systems Reliability. Part I. Mathematical Apparatus and Models of Reliability. Systems of Control, Communication and Security, 2018, no. 3, pp. 150-183. Available at: http://sccs.intelgr.com/archive/2018-03/08-Levin.pdf (accessed ) (in Russian).

• V. I. Levin
  Logical Methods of Research of Complex Systems Reliability. Part II. Application to Some Classes of Systems.
• Abstract
  • Relevance. In recent years the increasing attention of scientists and designers of technical systems has been acquiring the issues of improving methods for assessing the reliability and safety of these systems, in connection with tasks of increasing the values of these characteristics. The purpose of the article is to develop an automata-logical model of reliability of complex technical systems and corresponding logical methods for evaluating the reliability of such systems, which, unlike known ones, use not the traditional probabilistic reliability indicators, but deterministic logical indicators. Method. In order to achieve this goal, the article suggests using the observed moments of successive failures and recovery of the elements of the technical system as initial data, and as the reliability characteristics of the system itself the moments of successive failures and recovery of this system. In this case, the problem of estimating the reliability of a system is reduced to constructing its mathematical model in the form of automata logical functions expressing the moments of its successive failures and reconstructions through analogous moments of all its elements. This article is the second part of the work in which an automata-logical model designed to calculate the logical function of reliability of complex technical systems is developed in detail. The novelty of the work is the construction of an adequate logical model of the reliability of a complex system, which makes it possible to reduce the estimation of reliability of a complex technical system to the calculation of its logical reliability functions. In the process of calculation, the mathematical apparatus of logical determinants is used for the first time, which allows us to solve the complexity problem. Result. In the article the logical model of reliability and methods of its investigation are developed in detail, allowing to introduce new indicators of reliability of complex technical systems that do not require for their evaluation the use of probabilistic methods and initial statistical data on element failures. On the basis of the developed logical model of reliability and methods of its investigation, the problem of constructing an automata system for reliability of systems is solved, which will allow to fulfill practical calculations of complex technical systems by methods of the theory of dynamic automata using the apparatus of logical determinants.
• Key words
  • complex system, switching process, reliability process, dynamical automaton, binary operator, structure of operator, logical theory of reliability
• Reference
  • Levin V. I. Logical Methods of Research of Complex Systems Reliability. Part II. Application to Some Classes of Systems. Systems of Control, Communication and Security, 2018, no. 3, pp. 184-196. Available at: http://sccs.intelgr.com/archive/2018-03/09-Levin.pdf (accessed ) (in Russian).

• A. V. Edelev, S. M. Senderov, N. M. Beresneva, I. A. Sidorov, A. G. Feoktistov
  Distributed Computing Environment for an Analysis of the Vulnerability of Critical Infrastructures in Energy Sector
• Abstract
  • Relevance. Protecting energy infrastructures and supporting their survivability are topical problems on a national and international scale. Generally, a study of the vulnerability of critical technical infrastructures in the energy sector is based on combinatorial analysis of a large number (about tens and hundreds of millions) of failure scenarios in infrastructure elements. Carrying out such an analysis requires the use of high-performance computing systems. The aim of this paper is to develop a new approach to studying the current threats to energy security based on an analysis of the vulnerability of critical infrastructures in the energy sector using the paradigm of distributed computing. Methods. To develop a subject-oriented environment, we apply the models, methods, and tools for Grid and cloud computing. We also use methods and tools for creating distributed applied software packages. Novelty. Unlike well-known specialized environments that support subject-oriented research, the developed environment provides the creation of distributed applied software packages, the integration of models for Grid and cloud computing, and the choice of the optimal resource configuration for performing experiments of various scales. Results. We developed the functioning principles and architecture of the subject-oriented heterogeneous distributed computing environment for investigating the current threats to energy security based on the analysis of the vulnerability of critical infrastructures in the energy sector. The created subject-oriented environment was applied to solve a large-scale problem of identifying critical objects in the Russian gas transmission network from the standpoint of energy security and finding ways to reduce the negative consequences in the emergency at these objects. We formed proposals on the first-priority technological development of critical sections of the network on the basis of the results of solving the problem. Practical relevance. Realization of the formed proposals will allow providing the temporary increase of the critical arcs capacity about 10%.
• Key words
  • energy system, energy sector, vulnerability, modeling, applied software packages, distributed computing
• Reference
  • Edelev A. V., Senderov S. M., Beresneva N. M., Sidorov I. A., Feoktistov A. G. Distributed computing environment for an analysis of the vulnerability of critical infrastructures in energy sector. Systems of Control, Communication and Security, 2018, no. 3, pp. 197-231. Available at: http://sccs.intelgr.com/archive/2018-03/10-Edelev.pdf (accessed ) (in Russian).