Ergonomic support for the development and application of full-cycle automated military command-and-control systems using artificial intelligence in Euro-Atlantic defense: a review of patent publications and open documents

V. V. Spasennikov¹, D. V. Logvinov¹

¹Bryansk State Technical University.

DOI 10.24412/2410-9916-2026-2-155-172

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Abstract

Relevance. Open patent publications, official United States (U.S.) and North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) documents, and open descriptions of solutions show a transition in Euro-Atlantic defense toward full-cycle automated military command-and-control systems. Here, artificial intelligence (AI) is understood as software that automatically correlates heterogeneous data, recognizes objects, and supports decision preparation. Purpose. To identify, on the basis of patent publications and open U.S. and NATO documents, the main features and ergonomic requirements of such systems in automating the full command-and-control cycle for the actions and interaction of different branches of a potential adversary's armed forces in military operations. Results and novelty. The core examples are Palantir, Anduril, Helsing, and Rafael; Elbit is used as an additional modular architecture example. For the core examples, patent publications, open technical descriptions, and implementation indicators are available simultaneously. Patent publications are treated not as proof of a ready combat system, but as descriptions of specific technical solutions. The combined materials show a six-stage cycle: data consolidation, situational awareness, task assignment, target detection and localization, transfer of target designation to the executing asset, effects execution and result control. Practical significance. Open sources do not allow direct conclusions either about full autonomy or about combat effectiveness. Practical applicability depends on data quality and traceability, validation of recommendations, interoperability, modularity, continuity of data rights and system sustainment, protection of the operator from overload, and preservation of human control over critical actions.

Key words

artificial intelligence, military command and control, patent publications, patent families, full-cycle system, data consolidation, situational awareness, task assignment, target detection and localization, targeting, effects execution, result control, modularity, interoperability, ergonomics, human factor, human control.

Reference for citation

Spasennikov V. V., Logvinov D. V. Ergonomic support for the development and application of full-cycle automated military command-and-control systems using artificial intelligence in Euro-Atlantic defense: a review of patent publications and open documents. Systems of Control, Communication and Security, 2026, no. 2, pp. 155-172. DOI: 10.24412/2410-9916-2026-2-155-172 (in Russian).

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