A model for generating multi-frequency control command signals for unmanned transport systems under interference conditions

Dmitry D. Budko¹, Vladimir V. Karetnikov¹

¹Admiral S.O. Makarov State University of Maritime and Inland Waterways.

DOI 10.24412/2410-9916-2026-1-182-218

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Abstract

Problem statement: currently, the Russian transport industry is rapidly developing unmanned technologies in key areas of scientific progress. It is important to take into account that the use of aviation, space, land, sea and river unmanned transport systems at global ranges or within the city is accompanied by the use of wireless technologies based on radio channels of various wave ranges, which are subject to the destructive effects of noise, interference, fading and other destabilizing factors. In turn, it can be stated that the radio frequency spectrum has long been divided between licensees and continues to be overloaded due to the explosive growth in the introduction of autonomous systems by departments, especially in large metropolitan areas and transport and logistics hubs in ports and industrial agglomerations. At the same time, increasing the number of high-speed autonomous systems, sometimes operating at hypersonic speeds, requires developers to develop new approaches to bring control commands in real time. The article aims to develop a model for the formation of multi-frequency control command signals for unmanned transport systems transmitted in parallel transmission mode of each bit over available interference-free radio channels. The purpose of the work: to develop a model for the formation of multi-frequency control command signals for unmanned transport systems in conditions of interference based on the use of intelligent technologies. Methods used: methods of dynamic control of the radio frequency spectrum based on technologies of spectrum expansion with a change in the operating frequency according to a pseudo-random law, spectrum expansion by direct sequence method and spectrum expansion by linear frequency modulation method, technologies of cognitive radio systems and software-defined radio. The main results of the study include the regulatory and legal justification of the need for dynamic control of the frequency resource in conditions of interference, the determination of the initial data for modeling and the model itself for the formation of multi-frequency signals of commands for controlling unmanned transport systems in conditions of interference, the verification of the proposed model for adequacy, the schematic implementation of a multi-frequency signal generator for commands for controlling unmanned transport systems in conditions of interference, and also suggestions on the directions of further research. The novelty consists in presenting a geometric model for the formation of multi-frequency control command signals for unmanned transport systems at different signal level thresholds against the background of noise and interference in the command radio link, as well as calculating the probability of correct reception of a control command signal with a varying frequency band depending on the ratio of the frequency band width under interference and free from it. The practical significance of the model is its use in the synthesis of a promising intelligent control system for unmanned vehicles of the department based on data from monitoring their condition and operating environment.

Key words

unmanned transport systems, cognitive radio systems, software-defined radio, radio frequency spectrum, spectrum extension technologies.

Reference for citation

Budko D. D., Karetnikov V. V. A model for generating multi-frequency control command signals for unmanned transport systems under interference conditions. Systems of Control, Communication and Security, 2026, no. 1, pp. 182-218. DOI: 10.24412/2410-9916-2026-1-182-218 (in Russian).

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